Array A one-dimensional array is a collection of contiguous elements in which individual elements are identified by a unique integer subscript starting with zero. Once an array is created, its size cannot be changed. Array( size ): Creates a one-dimensional array consisting of size elements with each element initially set to None. size must be … Read more
A bag is a container that stores a collection in which duplicate values are allowed. The items, each of which is individually stored, have no particular order but they must be comparable Bag(): Creates a bag that is initially empty. length (): Returns the number of items stored in the bag. Accessed using the len() … Read more
A date represents a single day in the proleptic Gregorian calendar in which thefirst day starts on November 24, 4713 BC. Date( month, day, year ): Creates a new Date instance initialized to the given Gregorian date which must be valid. Year 1 BC and earlier are indicated by negative year components. day(): Returns the … Read more
There are many different terms used in computer science. Some of these can have different meanings among the various textbooks and programming languages. To aide the reader and to avoid confusion, we define some of the common terms we will be using throughout the text. A collection is a group of values with no implied … Read more
An abstract data type (or ADT) is a programmer-defined data type that specifies a set of data values and a collection of well-defined operations that can be performed on those values. Abstract data types are defined independent of their implementation, allowing us to focus on the use of the new data type instead of how … Read more
An abstraction is a mechanism for separating the properties of an object and restricting the focus to those relevant in the current context. The user of the abstraction does not have to understand all of the details in order to utilize the object, but only those relevant to the current task or problem. Two common … Read more