Here are the keys points about the history of Artificial intelligence
- In 1931, Goedel layed the foundation of Theoretical Computer Science1920-30s:
- He published the first universal formal language and showed that math itself is either flawed or allows for unprovable but true statements.
- In 1936, Turing reformulated Goedel’s result and church’s extension thereof
- In 1956, John McCarthy coined the term “Artificial Intelligence” as the topic of the Dartmouth Conference, the first conference devoted to the subject
- In 1957, The General Problem Solver (GPS) demonstrated by Newell, Shaw & Simon
- In 1958, John McCarthy (MIT) invented the Lisp language
- In 1959, Arthur Samuel (IBM) wrote the first game-playing program, for checkers, to achieve sufficient skill to challenge a world champion
- In 1963, Ivan Sutherland’s MIT dissertation on Sketchpad introduced the idea of interactive graphics into computing
- In 1966, Ross Quillian (PhD dissertation, Carnegie Inst. of Technology; now CMU) demonstrated semantic nets
- In 1967, Dendral program (Edward Feigenbaum, Joshua Lederberg, Bruce Buchanan, Georgia Sutherland at Stanford) demonstrated to interpret mass spectra on organic chemical compounds. First successful knowledge-based program for scientific reasoning
- In 1967, Doug Engelbart invented the mouse at SRI
- In 1968, Marvin Minsky & Seymour Papert publish Perceptrons, demonstrating limits of simple neural nets
- In 1972, Prolog developed by Alain Colmerauer
- In Mid 80’s, Neural Networks become widely used with the Backpropagation algorithm (first described by Werbos in 1974).
- 1990, Major advances in all areas of AI, with significant demonstrations in machine learning, intelligent tutoring, case-based reasoning, multi-agent planning, scheduling, uncertain reasoning, data mining, natural language understanding and translation, vision, virtual reality, games, and other topics
- In 1997, Deep Blue beats the World Chess Champion Kasparov
- In 2002,iRobot, founded by researchers at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab, introduced Roomba, a vacuum cleaning robot. By 2006, two million had been sold