The Turing Test, proposed by Alan Turing (1950), was designed to provide a satisfactory operational definition of intelligence. A computer passes the test if a human interrogator, after posing some written questions, cannot tell whether the written responses come from a person or from a computer
For now, we note that programming a computer to pass a rigorously applied test provides plenty to work on. The computer would need to possess the following capabilities
- natural language processing to enable it to communicate successfully in English;
- knowledge representation to store what it knows or hears;
- automated reasoning to use the stored information to answer questions and to draw new conclusions
- machine learning to adapt to new circumstances and to detect and extrapolate patterns
- computer vision to perceive objects
- robotics to manipulate objects and move about